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【血液透析と英語】血液透析(Hemodialysis)と腹膜透析(Peritoneal Dialysis) by Alila Medical Media

speaking, talking, english, learning,

海外のHHD患者さんと

「日本ではこうなんだよ、アメリカではこうなんだよ」

と、英語で情報交換ができるようになりたい、そして

海外のHHD患者さんから得られた有益の情報を

このブログやTwitter、Podcastで、日本のHHD患者の方々と共有する

との大きな野望のため英語学習、特に

発音記号を意識したSpeakingトレーニングに励む今日この頃。

"My English Pronunciation Training"と題して

THE FREE DICTIONARY の『血液透析』&『腎移植』に関する文章を使い

文章を見ながら音読する、所謂"Reading"をし

成果が分かるよう、録音データをPodcastとYouTubeにアーカイブしてきました。

"Day 30"まできて、私の悪い癖が💦少々飽きてきました…

「よし!じゃあ次はシャドーイングだ!」と思いましたが

YumiさんのYouTube動画を見て、心変わり

"オーバーラッピング"(Overlapping)だ!と。

Yumiさんの言葉をお借りすれば、"オーバーラッピング"とは

実際の英語音声に被せて発音する練習法

上述したように

"My English Pronunciation Training"でReadingしていた文章はTHE FREE DICTIONARYのもの

つまり、音源がないんですね。結果として下記ツイートのようなことになりました…

そこで『血液透析』&『腎移植』に関する情報で且つ、音源がちゃんとしているもの

ということで、YouTube動画をチェックしまして

Alila Medical Media

という番組で扱っている動画がイイかな、と。

文章を見て音読し易いように、発言内容の文字起こしをし

内容を把握し、単語の意味を理解し、発音記号にも気を付けながら

"オーバーラッピング"を頑張っていきたいと思います!!

お詫び

したがって、今回のブログ記事は

完全、私個人の英語学習用の"ノート"です。

ただ、使用教材は『血液透析』(プラス『腹膜透析』)に関する内容なので

私のように「医療と英語を同時に勉強したい」方には有効かと。

【血液透析と英語】血液透析(Hemodialysis)と腹膜透析(Peritoneal Dialysis) by Alila Medical Media

Renal Replacement Therapy: Hemodialysis vs Peritoneal Dialysis

Hemodialysis

Dialysis is a therapy that artificially removes wastes from the blood of patients whose kidneys can no longer perform this function adequately.
There are two main types of dialysis: hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.

In hemodialysis, blood is filtered outside the body, in a dialysis machine.
The patient’s blood is pumped to the machine, cleansed, then returned to the body.
To prepare for regular hemodialysis treatments, a one-time minor surgery is performed to create a vascular access, which is essentially a large and strong vein, enough to sustain the high flow rate through the machine.
This can be accomplished by fusing an artery to a vein, forming a so-called fistula; or by adding a synthetic tube - a graft.

For emergency treatment, a catheter can be used for temporary access.

Once inside the machine, blood flows within tiny tubes surrounded by a dialysis solution, called dialysate.
The walls of the tubes act as semipermeable membranes that allow only small molecules, such as water, nitrogenous wastes and electrolytes, to pass through.
The filtration occurs by osmosis and diffusion, where water and solutes move from higher to lower concentration.
The dialysis fluid contains solutes at the levels similar to those in healthy blood.
Urea, potassium and other solutes that are present at higher levels in patient’s blood, move out to the dialysate, which is constantly replaced and discarded.
At the same time, other substances can be added to the dialysis fluid to be administered to the patient.
These may include: bicarbonate, to adjust the patient’s blood pH; erythropoietin, to compensate for its low production by the failing kidneys; and certain medications.

Because of the increased risks of blood clotting associated with its contact with foreign surfaces, an anticoagulant such as heparin is usually added.
The composition of dialysis fluid is typically prescribed by a nephrologist based on the patient’s needs.

Hemodialysis is normally performed as 4-hour treatments, 3 times a week, in a dialysis center.
Complications include risks of blood infection, thrombosis, and internal bleeding due to the added anticoagulant.

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Vocabulary(引用元:Oxford Learner's Dictionaries
cleansed
/klenz/

cleanse (something) to clean your skin or a wound

fusing
/fjuːz/

when one thing fuses with another, or two things fuse or are fused, they are joined together to form a single thing

solution
/səˈluːʃn/

a liquid in which something is dissolved (= mixed in so that it forms part of the liquid)

nitrogenous
/naɪˈtrɒdʒənəs/
osmosis
/ɒzˈməʊsɪs/

the slow steady passing of a liquid through a membrane (= a thin layer of material) as a result of there being different amounts of dissolved substances on either side of the membrane

diffusion
/dɪˈfjuːʒn/

the act of spreading something widely in all directions; the fact of being spread in all directions

bicarbonate
/ˌbaɪˈkɑːbənət/

a salt made from carbonic acid containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen together with another element

anticoagulant
/ˌæntikəʊˈæɡjələnt/

a substance that stops the blood from becoming thick and forming clots

thrombosis
/θrɒmˈbəʊsɪs/

a serious condition caused by a blood clot (= a thick mass of blood) forming in a blood vessel (= tube) or in the heart

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Peritoneal Dialysis

In peritoneal dialysis, the dialysis fluid is introduced into the patient’s abdominal cavity via a catheter.

The lining of the abdomen, the peritoneum, serves as the natural filtering membrane.
The fluid remains in the body for several hours, allowing exchange and equilibrium with the blood running in the underlying vessels, before being discarded.

The therapy can also be done automatically at night during sleep.

Peritoneal dialysis is less effective than hemodialysis, but because it can be performed for longer periods of time, the result is comparable.
Peritoneal dialysis offers more flexibility, is better tolerated by patients, and less expensive, but is more often complicated with abdominal infections.

Vocabulary(引用元:Oxford Learner's Dictionaries
equilibrium
/ˌiːkwɪˈlɪbriəm/

a state of balance, especially between different forces or influences

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まとめ

"My English Pronunciation Training"は無駄ではなかったようです。

というのも

今回ご紹介したAlila Medical Mediaには、扱うテーマの性質上当然

いわゆる日常会話には出てこない、医療系の専門単語がバンバン登場していますが

"My English Pronunciation Training"の甲斐あって、既知の単語はかなりあり

初見でもスムーズに読み進め、内容理解することができました。

さて、材料はそろった!

あとはひたすら"オーバーラッピング"(その前に、十分なReadingはしておかないと…)

"Rome was not built in a day."

今回も、最後までお読みいただき、ありがとうございました。

追伸:

近日、『慢性腎臓病』(Chronic Kidney Disease)に関する動画の"文字起こし"もする予定。

※『腎移植』に関しては、なかなかオーバーラッピングに使えそうな動画が、今のところ見つかりません。

引き続き、リサーチを続けようと思います。



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